Souza was born in Saligao, Goa of Asian descent. He studied at the Sir Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy School of Art in Mumbai, but was suspended in 1945 (before The Partition of India) because of his support for the Quit India Movement which called for Indian independence from Britain. Souza was a founding member of the Progressive Artists' Group of Bombay. He was the first post-independence Indian artist to achieve recognition in the Europe and the USA. Red Houses (1957) is an abstract work painted at a time when much of Souza's work had been figurative and often with a religious theme.